TORCH Screening Recommendations in Pregnancy: When & How

What is TORCH in Pregnancy?

TORCH in pregnancy refers to a group of infections that can affect unborn babies. The word TORCH stands for:

Toxoplasmosis

Other infections (like syphilis, varicella, and parvovirus B19)

Rubella

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

These infections can pass from mother to baby during pregnancy. Because of this, TORCH screening in pregnancy is important to check for these infections early.

Why is TORCH Screening Important During Pregnancy?

TORCH infections can harm a developing baby. For example, they may cause birth defects, growth problems, or even miscarriage. Early detection helps doctors manage these risks. In many cases, treatment or extra care can protect both mother and baby. Therefore, prenatal screening recommendations often include a TORCH panel in pregnancy for those at risk.

When Should TORCH Screening Be Done?

Doctors usually recommend TORCH screening in pregnancy if a woman has symptoms or certain risk factors. However, some clinics may offer it to all pregnant women. The best time for a TORCH test is early in pregnancy, often during the first prenatal visit. If there is a known exposure or symptoms appear later, screening may be repeated. Always follow your doctor’s advice on TORCH test timing.

How is TORCH Screening Performed?

TORCH screening is a simple blood test. A small sample of blood is taken from the mother’s arm. The lab checks for antibodies or signs of infection for each TORCH disease. Sometimes, more tests are needed if results are unclear. In rare cases, doctors may test the baby or use ultrasound to look for problems.

Who Should Consider TORCH Screening?

Not every pregnant woman needs a TORCH panel in pregnancy. However, screening is important if you:

Have flu-like symptoms or a rash during pregnancy

Had contact with someone who has a TORCH infection

Work with young children or in healthcare

Have a history of miscarriage or stillbirth

Live in or travel to areas with high infection rates

In addition, your doctor may suggest screening based on your health history or local guidelines.

What Do TORCH Screening Results Mean?

TORCH screening results show if you have had or currently have any of these infections. Here is what the results may mean:

Negative: No signs of infection. This is good news.

Positive (IgG): Past infection. Usually, this means you are immune.

Positive (IgM): Recent or current infection. More tests may be needed.

If you test positive, your doctor will explain the next steps. Sometimes, treatment or extra monitoring is needed to protect your baby. Always ask your doctor to explain your results clearly.

Prevention and Lifestyle Guidance for Expectant Mothers

While TORCH infections can be serious, you can lower your risk. Here are some tips:

Wash your hands often, especially after handling diapers or raw meat

Avoid contact with cat litter and sick people

Make sure your vaccinations are up to date before pregnancy

Practice safe sex to prevent herpes and other infections

Cook meat thoroughly and wash fruits and vegetables well

Additionally, regular prenatal care helps catch problems early. Always talk to your doctor about any concerns during pregnancy.

Conclusion

TORCH screening in pregnancy helps protect both mother and baby from serious infections. Early testing, proper timing, and clear understanding of results are key. For the best care, follow prenatal screening recommendations and talk to your healthcare provider. Consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice on TORCH screening during pregnancy.